|
THE ROMANOV DYNASTY, 1613-1917
|
|
1613 |
Election
of Michael Romanov as tsar by Zemskii Sobor |
|
1613-1645 |
MICHAEL
FEDOROVICH
ROMANOV |
|
1618 |
Peace
with Sweden
Loss of
any outlet to Baltic |
|
1634-1638 |
Two
visits of Adam Olearius to Moscow |
|
1636 |
Patriarch orders all musical instruments burned |
|
1645-1676 |
ALEXIS
MIKHAILOVICH
ROMANOV |
|
1648-1649 |
Up-risings in Moscow and other towns |
|
1649 |
Ulozhenie:
Law Code of Tsar Alexis
-
Abolition of English trading privileges |
|
1650's |
Moscow
population about 200,000 |
|
1650 |
Patriarch standardizes the five-domed church |
|
1652 |
Foreigners in Moscow required to live in Nemetskaia
Sloboda |
|
1653 |
Last
full meeting of Zemskii Sobor |
|
1654 |
Church
Council adopts Nikon's reforms |
|
1654 |
BEGINNING OF THE SCHISM (Raskol)
-
Union of
Ukraine with Muscovy |
|
1660's |
Moscow
linked with Amsterdam and Berlin by regular postal
service |
|
1664 |
Grigorii
Kotoshikhin flees to Sweden |
|
1666 |
Church
Council deposes Patriarch Nikon |
|
1667 |
Cession
to Moscovy of Kiev, Little Russia, and Smolensk |
|
1670-1671 |
Revolt
of Stenka Razin |
|
1671 |
Avvakum
writes his Life in prison |
|
1672 |
Russian
embassies sent to all major European states |
|
1672 |
Artakserova deistva, first play given at Moscow
court |
|
1674 |
Synopsis, first textbook of Russian history,
appears |
|
1676 |
Theater opens at
Preobrazhenskoe |
|
1676-1682 |
FEDOR
III
ROMANOV |
|
1682 |
Peter
assumes throne, with
Sophia
as regent |
|
1684 |
Sophia
institutes formal persecution of Old Believers by
decree |
|
1689 |
Treaty
of Nerchinsk with China |
|
THE IMPERIAL PERIOD, 1689-1917
|
|
1689-1725 |
PETER I, THE GREAT
|
| 1695 |
Beginning of the
Russian navy |
|
1696 Ju 18 |
Surrender of Azov to Peter I |
|
1697 |
Conquest of Kamchatka |
|
1697-1698 |
Peter's visit to the West
Revolt of Streltsy crushed |
|
1700 |
Suspension of the
patriarchate |
|
1700-1721 |
Great Northern War with
Sweden |
|
1703 |
Founding of St.
Petersburg |
|
Russia's first newspaper
established:
Vedomosti o voennykh i inykh delakh |
|
May |
Peter & Paul Fortress
founded |
|
1704 |
Peter I takes from Charles
XII of Sweden |
|
1707-1708 |
Bulavin uprising |
|
1708 |
Establishment of the
guberniias (provinces) |
|
1709 |
Russian victory over of
Sweden at Poltava |
|
1710 |
First census (household and
tax) |
|
1711 |
First press in St.
Petersburg |
|
Nov 19 |
Mikhail Lomonosov born |
|
1713 |
Transfer of capital to St.
Petersburg |
|
1716-1717 |
Jean-Baptiste Le Blond
begins(Peterhof) |
|
1718 |
Institution of poll tax
Foundation of administrative colleges Tsarevich Alexis killed |
| 1720 |
Pososhkov's book
On Poverty and Wealth |
|
1721 |
Holy Synod replaces
patriarchate
Treaty of Nystad: Livonia, Estonia, Karelia, Ingria acquired from Sweden
Peter assumes the title of emperor
Organization of state postal service |
|
1722 |
Table of Ranks established |
|
1725 |
Death of Peter the Great
Foundation of the Foundation of the Academy of Sciences |
|
1725-1727 |
CATHERINE I SKAVRONSKA |
|
1727-1730 |
PETER II ROMANOV |
|
1728 |
Sankt-Peterburgskie
vedomosti first published |
|
1725-1729 |
Arctic expedition of Vitus
Bering (second, 1732-1741) |
|
1730 |
Struggle over the terms of
the succession |
|
1730-1740 |
ANNA ROMANOVA |
|
1741 |
Lomonosov appointed to the
Academy of Sciences
Vitus Beringdiscovers the Aleutian Islands and Alaska |
|
1740-1741 |
IVAN VI
ROMANOV |
|
1741-1762 |
ELIZABETH |
|
1746 |
Ban of purchase of serfs by
non-nobles |
|
1750 |
First professional Russian
theater founded in Yaroslavl by Fyodor Volkov |
|
1753 |
Decree abolishing internal
customs |
|
1754-1762 |
Bartolomeo Rastrelli builds
the Winter Palace |
|
1755 |
Lomonosov founds Moscow
University |
|
1760's |
Fonvizin's comedies The
Brigadier, The General and The Minor |
|
1760 |
Landowners granted right to
exile serfs to Siberia |
|
1761-1762 |
PETER III ROMANOV |
|
1762 |
Peter III issues Manifesto
on the Rights of the Nobility Peter III murdered |
|
1762-1796 |
CATHERINE II THE GREAT VON
ANHALT-ZERBST |
|
1764-67 |
Founding of German colonies
along the Lower Volga River |
|
1764 |
Final secularization of
Church lands |
|
1765 |
Establishment of the Free
Economic Society |
|
1767 |
Peasants forbidden to submit
complaints against their landowners |
|
1767-1768 |
Legislative Commission |
|
1769-1794 |
Catherine the Great
publishes satirical journals Novikov's journals The Drone and The Painter |
|
1772 |
First partition of Poland--Belorussia
annexed to Russia |
|
1773-1775 |
Revolt of Pugachev |
|
1774 |
Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainardji |
|
1775 |
Liquidation of the
Zaporozhian Cossacks |
|
1780's |
Englishman Cameron builds at
Tsarskoe Selo |
|
1781-1786 |
Full absorption of the
Ukraine into Russian Empire |
|
1782-1785 |
Giacomo
Quarenghi builds the Hermitage |
|
1783 |
Incorporation of the Crimea
Private printing presses permitted |
|
1784 |
Gregory Shelekov establishes
the first colony in Alaska |
|
1785 Ap 21 |
Charter of the Nobility and
gentry an estate |
|
1790 |
Radishchev's Journey from
St. Petersburg to Moscow |
|
1793 |
Second Partition of Poland |
|
1795 |
Third Partition of Poland |
|
1796 |
Death of Catherine the
Great The Alexander Palace is completed |
|
1796-1801 |
PAUL I
ROMANOV |
|
1797 |
Establishment of the
three-day barshchina |
|
1799 |
Russo-American Trading
Company formed Suvorov's campaign in northern Italy and Switzerland |
|
June 6 |
Alexander S. Pushkin born |
|
1801 |
Murder of Paul I |
|
1801-1825 |
ALEXANDER IROMANOV
|
|
1801 |
Acquisition of eastern
GeorgiaSale of serfs without land prohibited |
|
1802 |
Formation of ministries |
|
1806 |
Conquest of Daghestan and
Baku |
|
1806-1815 |
The new Admiralty built by
Zakharov |
|
1807-1811 |
Reforms of Speransky |
|
1809 |
Krylov's Fables Annexation
of Finland |
|
1812 Ju 24 |
Napoleon's invasion of
Russia |
|
Aug 26 |
Battle of Borodino |
|
Sept 14 |
Napoleon enters Moscow |
|
Oct 19 |
Napoleon departs Moscow |
|
1813-1814 |
Alexander's pursuit of
Napoleon to Paris |
|
1815-1825 |
Ascendancy of Arakcheev |
|
1816-1819 |
Abolition of serfdom in
Baltic provinces |
|
1817 |
Transfer of the Makariev
Fair toNizhnii Novgorod |
|
1817-1857 |
Montferrand builds St.
Isaac's Cathedral |
|
1818 |
Karamzin's History of the
Russian State |
|
1819 |
University of St. Petersburg
founded |
|
1819-1829 |
The Italian Rossi builds the
General Staff Building on Palace Square |
|
1821 |
F. M. Dostoevsky born
October 30 in Moscow |
|
1825-1855 |
NICHOLAS I
ROMANOV |
|
1825 |
Decembrist Uprising
Griboedov's comedy Woe from Wit |
|
1830 |
Briullov's painting Last Day
of PompeiiAlexanderPushkincompletes Eugene Onegin Mathematician
Lobachevsky publishes first work |
|
1830-1831 |
Polish rebellion |
|
1832 |
Uvarov's three principles
enunciated: autocracy, orthodoxy, nationality Alexandrine Theater in St.
Petersburg opened |
|
1833 |
Code of Laws |
|
1834 |
Kiev University founded |
|
1836 Nov 27 |
Glinka's opera Life for the
Tsar (Ivan Susanin) Gogol's Inspector General Chadaaev's Philosophical
Letters |
|
1837 |
A. S. Pushkin shot in a dual
with D'Anthes, dies January 29 |
|
1838 |
First Russian railroad--St.
Petersburg to Tsarskoe Selo Gubernskie vedomosti first published by order
of the tsar |
|
1838-1847 |
Belinsky works on the Notes
of the Fatherland |
|
1840 |
Lermontov's Hero of Our Time |
|
1841 |
Ban against the sale of
peasants individually |
|
1842 |
Glinka's operaRuslan and
Ludmila Gogol's Dead Souls |
|
1846
May 30 |
Abolition of Corn Laws in
England; increase of Russian grain exports Peter Carl Faberge born in St.
Petersburg |
|
1847 |
Herzen leaves Russia forever
Belinsky's Letter to Gogol |
|
1849 |
Dostoevsky sentenced to
forced labor in Siberia Russian intervention in Hungary |
|
1851 Nov 13 |
St. Petersburg-Moscow
railway opened |
|
1852 |
Turgenev's Sportsman's
Notebook |
|
1853 |
Ostrovsky's first play
produced |
|
1853-1856 |
Crimean War |
|
1855 |
Death of Nicholas I |
|
1855-1881 |
ALEXANDER II ROMANOV |
|
1856 |
George Plekhanov born |
|
1857 |
First issue of Herzen's
Kolokol (The Bell) Alexander Ivanov's painting Christ's Appearance to the
People |
|
1858-1860 |
Acquisition from China of
Amur and Maritime provinces |
|
1859 |
Surrender of Shamil;
conquest of Caucasus completed Goncharov's Oblomov |
|
1860 |
Founding of Vladivostok |
|
1860-1873 |
First railway boom |
|
1861 Feb 19 |
Emancipation of the serfs |
|
1862 |
St. Petersburg Conservatory
founded; Anton Rubinstein, director
The Mighty Five (Balakierev, Cui, Borodin, Rimsky-Korsakov, Mussorgsky)
announce intentions to create a school of true Russian music
Turgenev's Fathers and Sons |
|
1863 |
Polish rebellion Artists
Co-operative Society (Peredvizhniki) founded Chernyshevsky's What Is To Be
Done? |
|
1863-1865 |
Law (courts) and education
reform Zemstvo instituted |
|
1864-1885 |
Conquest of central Asia |
|
1866 |
Moscow Conservatory founded;
Tchaikovsky becomes a professor Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishmentis
published |
|
1867 March 30 |
Alaska sold to the
United States of America |
|
1869 |
Tolstoy's War and Peace is
published |
1870
April 22 |
Society for Traveling Art
Exhibitions (Peredvizhniks)
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin) is born Mendeleyev's Principles of
Chemistry |
|
1872 |
Russian translation of
Marx's Capital Carl Faberge takes over his father's jewelry business |
|
1873 |
Beginning of the movement To
the People (V narod) |
|
1874 |
Boris Godunov |
|
1876 |
Land and Freedom Party |
|
1877 |
Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake
|
|
1877-1878 |
War with Turkey
|
|
March 3 |
Treaty of San Stefano
|
|
June 13 |
Congress of Berlin Begins |
|
1878 |
Tchaikovsky's First Piano
Concerto takes Paris by storm Tchaikovsky's opera Eugene Onegin Tolstoy's
Anna Karenina
|
|
1879 |
People's Will Party and
Black Partition established |
|
1880 |
Dostoevsky's Brothers
Karamazov
|
|
1881 Mar 1 |
Assassination of Alexander
II |
|
1881-1894 |
ALEXANDER III ROMANOV
|
|
1884 |
Reactionary regulations for
universities |
|
1888 |
Rimsky-Korsakov's
Scheherazade |
|
1890 |
Borodin's opera Prince Igor
Tchaikovsky's Sleeping Beauty |
|
1891 |
Beginning of the
Trans-Siberian railway |
|
1891-1893 |
Making of the Franco-Russian
alliance |
|
1892 |
Tret'iakov donates his art
collection to the city of Moscow |
|
1892-1903 |
Witte as minister of
communications, finance and commerce |
|
1894-1917 |
NICHOLAS II ROMANOV
|
|
1896 |
Disastrous production of
Chekhov's The Seagull in St. Petersburg |
|
1897 Jan 28 |
First all-Russian census
counts 128,907,692 people |
|
1898 |
Moscow Art Theater founded,
produces Chekhov's Sea Gull 1st Congress of the Russian Social Democratic
Party (Minsk) Occupation of Port Arthur |
|
1900 |
Boxer Rebellion; Russia
occupies Manchuria |
|
1901 Jan 31 |
Chekhov's Three Sisters
opens at MKhAT to poor reviews |
|
1902 |
Gorky's Lower Depths opens
at MKhAT |
|
1903 |
2nd Party Congress
(Brussels) Split into Mensheviks and Bolsheviks |
|
1904 |
General strike in Tbilisi
and Baku |
|
1904-1905 |
Russo-Japanese War |
1905
January 22
October
17
|
1905 REVOLUTION: General
Strike Bloody Sunday October Manifesto Potemkin Mutiny <3rd Party
Congress Constitutional Democrats (Kadets) Program |
|
1906
April |
4th Party Congress First
Duma First Constitution (Fundamental Law) |
|
1906-1911 |
The Stolypin Land
Reforms |
|
1907 |
Second Duma,
5th Party Congress - Emergence of Triple
Entente (France, Britain, Russia) against Triple Alliance (Germany,
Austro-Hungary, Italy) - Third Duma |
|
1908 |
Trotsky becomes editor of
Pravda in Vienna |
|
1909 |
First performance of
Diaghilev's Ballet russe |
1910
Nov 7 |
Igor Stravinsky's Fire bird
scandalizes Paris, Leo Tolstoy dies at Astapovo
station |
|
1911-1913 |
Balkan Wars |
1912
April 4 |
Fourth Duma,
Lena gold field massacre (from which Lenin took his pseudonym)
|
|
1913 |
Stravinsky's The Rite of
Spring |
|
1914 |
World War I begins,
St. Petersburg renamed 'Petrograd' |
|
1916 |
Murder of Rasputin by
FelixYusupov et al.
|
|
THE SOVIET PERIOD, 1917-1991 |
|
1917 |
1917 REVOLUTIONS (February
23/March 8) |
